Abstract
Buildings consume many resources and generate greenhouse gases during construction. One of the main sources of greenhouse gases is carbon emission associated with buildings. This research is based on the computing rule of carbon emission at the materialization stage. By taking the features of green construction into consideration, quantitative analysis on construction carbon emission was undertaken via Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Making use of Vensim (a system dynamics software package), we analyzed the amount of carbon emission at the materialization stage and determined the major subsystems affecting the carbon emission, then took into comprehensive consideration the differences of each subsystem’s carbon emission under different construction technologies. Under the mechanism of carbon trade at the materialization stage, the total price of carbon trades remains unchanged, while the trading price of each subsystem is adjusted. Under these conditions, a coefficient for step-wise increases in carbon price was proposed. By establishing such a system of gradient prices, construction companies are encouraged to adopt high-efficiency emission reduction technologies. Meanwhile, the system also provides a reference for the formulation of price-based policies about buildings’ carbon trading, and accelerates the process of energy conservation and emission reduction in China and the world at large.
Highlights
The construction industry has boosted the development of the national economy at the expense of consuming a great quantity of natural resources and causing severe environmental pollution
The construction industry was always a key industry for energy conservation and emission reduction, mainly because buildings generate a large amount of greenhouse gases during the materialization stage, and these gases can be controlled by improving the construction process
The results showed that during the materialization stage of the building, on-site transport generated the most carbon emissions and the carbon emissions reduced by green construction were the greatest
Summary
The construction industry has boosted the development of the national economy at the expense of consuming a great quantity of natural resources and causing severe environmental pollution. Under the Paris Agreement, it was proposed to limit the global temperature rise to no more than 2 ◦ C [1]. In 2018, the 6th Comprehensive Report of IPCC pointed out that the average global temperature over pre-industrial levels had already increased by 1 ◦ C from 0.69 ◦ C [2,3] in 2014. These data indicate that more work should be done to push forward emission reduction. The huge global climate changes resulting from emission of greenhouse gases draws extensive attention from the international community.
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