Effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins on Alleviating Dietary Cadmium (Cd) Induced Growth Retardation and Oxidative Stress in Hepatopancreas of Juvenile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

This trial was conducted to evaluate grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on alleviating the effects of dietary cadmium (Cd) induced growth retardation and oxidative stress in hepatopancreas of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two hundred and forty fish were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates in each group and 15 fish in each replicate. The four groups were: control group (fed with a basal diet), Cd group (fed with a basal diet+100 Cd mg/kg), Cd+ GSPs group I (fed with a basal diet+100 mg Cd/kg+400 mg GSPs/kg), and Cd+ GSPs group II (fed with a basal diet+100 mg Cd/kg+800 mg GSPs/kg). The trial period was 49 days. Final body weight and weight gain rate of Cd group were significantly affected (P<0.05) compared with the control group. There was a significant difference in final body weight, weight gain rate, and feed conversion rate between the Cd (control) group and the two GSPs groups (P<0.05). Feeding rate and survival rate of all groups was similar (P>0.05). Levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and total antioxidation capacity and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in hepatopancreas of the Cd group were affected significantly (P<0.05). No significant differences in malondialdehyde level and antioxidant potential parameters (except glutathione peroxidase in Cd+GSPs group II) were found between control group and all GSPs supplemented groups (P>0.05). Results indicate that dietary GSPs supplementation may alleviate dietary Cd-induced growth retardation and oxidative stress in hepatopancreas of tilapia.