Abstract
Simple SummarySoybean meal (SBM) constitutes the major protein source in European poultry production, meaning a high dependency on imports and a reduced sustainability of produced meat. To cope with this challenge, alternative protein sources are needed, and insects are considered as a novel, alternative protein source in broiler nutrition. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the replacement of 15 or 30% of crude protein (CP) from SBM with Hermetia illucens (HI) defatted larvae meal CP regarding broiler performance, carcass traits, apparent ileal CP and amino acid (AA) digestibility, intestinal morphology, and microbial metabolites. The data showed impaired performance and lower ileal CP and AA digestibility with 30% substitution of CP from SBM with HI larvae meal CP. However, lower substitution, i.e., 15% substitution of SBM CP with HI larvae meal, for broiler feeds seems possible without impairment in animal performance and digestion variables and should be pursued in the future.The usage of insects as an alternative protein source for broiler feeds may help to reduce the dependency on soybean meal (SBM) imports. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the replacement of 15 (SL15) or 30% (SL30) of crude protein (CP) from SBM with Hermetia illucens (HI) defatted larvae meal regarding broiler performance, carcass traits, apparent ileal digestibility, intestinal morphology, and microbial metabolites. Concerning the performance, body weight was similar for the control (CON) and SL15, but lower for SL30 during all feeding phases. In addition, average daily feed intake was higher in SL15 and SL30 compared to CON in the starter phase, but this effect vanished during grower and finisher phase. The apparent ileal digestibility decreased for CP and some amino acids with increasing HI larvae meal in the diet. No or marginal alterations were observed for the intestinal morphometry as well as cecal microbial metabolites. In conclusion, partial replacement of 15% SBM CP with HI larvae meal in broiler diets without impairing animal performance or health seems possible. The growth suppression with 30% CP substitution may be caused by reduced apparent ileal digestibility but could not be clearly associated with adverse effects of hindgut fermentation or altered gut morphology.
Highlights
The production of broiler meat requires substantial amounts of grain feedstuffs [1]including immense quantities of soybean meal (SBM), the primarily used protein source in poultry production
The present study provides detailed information on the effects of substituting different levels of crude protein (CP) from SBM with Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae meal in broiler feeding
The observed reductions in animal performance with increasing HI larvae meal inclusion may be ascribed to a misjudgment of both CP and several amino acids (AAs) availabilities, as reflected by their lower apparent ileal digestibility (AID)
Summary
The production of broiler meat requires substantial amounts of grain feedstuffs [1]including immense quantities of soybean meal (SBM), the primarily used protein source in poultry production. SBM and used for feed in the European Union (EU) in 2017/2018 was imported mainly from South America [2,3]. This illustrates the severe “protein gap” regarding production and demand of SBM and revealing the strong dependency on imports of protein-rich feedstuffs in the EU. Considerable effort has been made in finding alternative and more sustainable protein sources with low feed-food competition. In this respect, an interest in insects as food and feed has evolved [4,5]. Application of insects in pig and poultry feeds might soon be possible since a new risk profile from EFSA is expected in the near future
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