Abstract
The graded mineral aggregate composed of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and mineral powder is the main component of hot asphalt mixture (HMA), and it occupies a mass ratio of more than 95% in HMA. The gradation variability of mineral aggregate is frequently an unavoidable problem in the construction of asphalt pavement engineering. In order to investigate the effect of gradation variability on the volume parameters and key performances of HMA, the asphalt concrete with a nominal maximum particle size of 20 mm (AC20) was selected as the research carrier. Firstly, a benchmark mineral aggregate gradation (BMAG) was designed based on the theory of dense skeleton gradation presented in the paper. Secondly, six types of HMA (that is, AC20) with variable gradations were also determined and all the specimens were prepared by rotary compaction process with the same optimum asphalt content (gradation varies but asphalt content remains the same), and finally based on asphalt pavement analyzer, the performances of all the specimens of each gradation were tested. The results show that, compared with the BMAG-HMA, the volume parameters such as air voids, voids in mineral aggregate, and voids filled with asphalt of the variable-graded HMA change in different directions, but the water stability and high-temperature performance both degrade greatly. The experimental results also show the feasibility and effectiveness of the dense skeleton gradation design theory adopted in this study.
Highlights
Hot mix asphalt mixture (HMA) has become the main material of flexible pavement because of its good performance
It can be inferred that when the fine material becomes finer than benchmark mineral aggregate gradation (BMAG), the general rule is that the air voids (AV) and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of HMA decrease and VFA increases
From the perspective of qualitative analysis, it is easy to infer that the gradation variability will inevitably bring about changing of volume parameters and performances of HMA, but the changing direction and influence degree caused by the change may be known only through quantitative research
Summary
Hot mix asphalt mixture (HMA) has become the main material of flexible pavement because of its good performance. Due to the aggregate particles with different sizes and the inevitable variability of aggregate sources in actual engineering, HMA often has a certain degree of gradation variability in the construction process. The varying of mineral aggregate gradation must have some influence on the volume parameter and performance of HMA. Cominsky et al (1994) have shown that the air voids (AV) and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) are the two most important volume parameters of HMA. People often use AV and VMA as the volume parameter for evaluation in research on HMA.
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