Abstract
In this manuscript we investigated the influence of Au nanoparticles on electrical and electroluminescent (EL) performances in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) via doping as-synthesized Au nanorods (NRs) or nanocubes (NCs) into hole transport layer (HTL). Through accurately controlling the distance between the Au NRs and the emitting layer, altering the guest emitter’s lifetime, and replacing Au NRs with Au NCs to satisfy a better spectrum overlap with the emission guest, we got a conclusion that doping Au NRs or NCs into HTL has no significant influence on the device’s electrical and EL performances, although we observed an increase in the spontaneous emission rate in a fluorescent material by the exciton-surface plasmon-coupling. Our results suggest that a further research on emission mechanism in surface plasmon-enhanced OLEDs is still in process.
Highlights
Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) has displayed significant potentiality in the applications of flat panel display and lighting, mainly due to its high brightness, low power consumption and excellent color gamut.[1,2,3,4,5,6] Significant progress has been made in the past decades for the development of high-performance organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and nearly 100% internal quantum efficiency was achieved due to the introduction of phosphorescent guests.[4,5,6] Various methods including employing highly efficient phosphors and designing a light-outcoupling structure have been developed to optimize OLED’s electroluminescent (EL) efficiency
Our results demonstrated that the Au NRs or NCs-induced localized surface plasmons (LSPs) has no significant effect on enhancing the optical properties of OLEDs
Considering the Au NRs are surrounded by TAPC in devices, we simulated absorption cross sections of these Au NRs with finite difference time domain (FDTD) method (Lumerical Solutions Inc.) by supposing a refractive index of 1.73 for TAPC and found a redshift of ∼50 nm in absorption when altering Au NR’s dielectric environment from water to TAPC, with results shown in figure 2
Summary
Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) has displayed significant potentiality in the applications of flat panel display and lighting, mainly due to its high brightness, low power consumption and excellent color gamut.[1,2,3,4,5,6] Significant progress has been made in the past decades for the development of high-performance OLEDs, and nearly 100% internal quantum efficiency was achieved due to the introduction of phosphorescent guests.[4,5,6] Various methods including employing highly efficient phosphors and designing a light-outcoupling structure have been developed to optimize OLED’s electroluminescent (EL) efficiency. Metal nanoparticles are widely used in OLEDs due to simple manufacture process and low costs
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