Effect of global warming on the proportional design of low CO2 slag-blended concrete

Abstract

Abstract Numerous studies have been carried out regarding the mixture design of low CO2 slag-blended concrete. However, these previous studies did not consider the constraints of the low carbonation resistance of slag-blended concrete. Due to global warming, carbonation has accelerated and carbonation durability has become more significant. This study shows a calculation procedure for the proportional design of low CO2 slag-blended concrete, considering carbonation durability under the effects of global warming. First, the CO2 emissions of slag-blended concrete were calculated using concrete mixtures. The strength and carbonation depth were determined using an integrated hydration-strength-carbonation model. Three climate change scenarios coupled with two exposure conditions were considered for the carbonation durability design. Other constraint equations, such as the components, component ratios, absolute volume, and slump, were also considered. Second, a genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to find the optimal mixture. The optimal mixture has a minimum CO2 emission level and can meet various constraints, such as strength, carbonation, and workability. The calculated optimal concrete mixture can mitigate the impact of global warming on the design of low CO2 slag-blended concrete.