Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Heavy Metal (Nickel II and ChromiumVI) Induced Alteration of Serum Lipid Profile in Male Albino Rats

Amrita Das Gupta,Swastika N Das,Salim A Dhundasi,Kusal K Das

doi:10.3390/ijerph5030147

Abstract

We have studied the effect of simultaneous oral treatment of aqueous garlic extract (Allium sativum) on heavy metal (nickel II and chromium VI) induced changes in serum lipid profile. Nickel sulfate and potassium dichromate treated rats showed a significant increase in serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) level as well as decrease in serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level. Simultaneous garlic administration with nickel sulfate showed improvement in serum LDL-C, HDL-C, VLDL-C and TG level. But in case of potassium dichromate, garlic administration did not show satisfactory improvement in lipid profile except VLDL-C and TG level. The results indicate that garlic (Allium sativum) has some beneficial effect in preventing heavy metal (nickel and chromium VI) induced alteration of lipid profile.

Highlights

There has been a significant application of metals in the various industries due to a general global increase in industrial activity over the past few decades
The various forms of lipids cannot dissolve in the blood and must be transported to and from the cells by low density and high density lipoproteins
Nickel and chromium induced rise in serum TC, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and TG and fall in serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in Group III and Group V rats may be due to changes in gene expression of some hepatic enzyme like HMG-CoA reductase, which in turn depresses LDL-receptor gene expression [25, 26]

Summary

Introduction

There has been a significant application of metals in the various industries due to a general global increase in industrial activity over the past few decades. This in turn causes a great escalation of metal in the environment. Some metals are essential to human health, these may act as toxicants when humans or animals are exposed to high concentration. In this regard nickel and chromium are considered potential health hazards in some amount they are essential to human health. Garlic compounds are having tremendous antioxidant property which exerts actions by scavenging ROS, enhancing cellular antioxidant enzymes and increasing glutathione in the cells [16]

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Results

Conclusion