Abstract
This study determined the effects of gallium-aluminum-arsenide laser (GaAlAs), gallium-arsenide laser (GaAs) and Dersani healing ointment on skin wounds in Wistar rats. The parameters analyzed were: type I and III collagen fiber concentrations as well as the rate of wound closure. Five wounds, 12 mm in diameter, were made on the animals' backs. The depth of the surgical incision was controlled by removing the epithelial tissue until the dorsal muscular fascia was exposed. The animals were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine via intraperitoneal injection. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of 6 animals each, according to the treatment received. Group 1 (L4): GaAs laser (4 J/cm(2)); group 2 (L30): GaAlAs laser (30 J/cm(2)); group 3 (L60): GaAlAs laser (60 J/cm(2)); group 4 (D): Dersani ointment; group 5 (control): 0.9% saline. The applications were made daily over a period of 20 days. Tissue fragments were stained with picrosirius to distinguish type I collagen from type III collagen. The collagen fibers were photo-documented and analyzed using the Quantum software based on the primary color spectrum (red, yellow and blue). Significant results for wound closing rate were obtained for group 1 (L4), 7.37 mm/day. The highest concentration of type III collagen fibers was observed in group 2 (L30; 37.80 + or - 7.10%), which differed from control (29.86 + or - 5.15%) on the 20th day of treatment. The type I collagen fibers of group 1 (L4; 2.67 + or - 2.23%) and group 2 (L30; 2.87 + or - 2.40%) differed significantly from control (1.77 + or - 2.97%) on the 20th day of the experiment.
Highlights
Skin wounds are present in approximately 10% of hospitalized patients and 20% of bedridden patients treated at home, with consequent high financial costs and ranking second as the most common cause of work absenteeism [1]
In vitro studies on fibroblast laser irradiation have reported a proliferative effect on protein synthesis depending on the characteristics and parameters of the type of laser used, such as wavelength, form of emission and energy density [12,13]
The present study shows that, based on the rate of wound closure, the best results were obtained for group 1 (L4) on the 8th day of the experiment
Summary
Skin wounds are present in approximately 10% of hospitalized patients and 20% of bedridden patients treated at home, with consequent high financial costs and ranking second as the most common cause of work absenteeism [1]. The main component of a mature scar is type I collagen, and in the healing wounds, fibroblasts are recruited and induced to synthesize collagen in a process called fibroplasia, initiated by the granulation tissue in the wound, and rich in type III collagen [4]. This tissue is made up of loose collagen matrix, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid, containing macrophages, fibroblasts, and new vessels. As the tissue recovery process advances, the granulation tissue is replaced by a less vascularized and more resistant tissue rich in type I collagen [5]
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