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Abstract
The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has shown promising results for the inflammatory modulation of tissue repair. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of gallium arsenide (GaAs) LLLT in skin wound healing via (1) measurement of the temperature on the surface of the skin wound; (2) white blood cell count; and (3) histopathological examination. Skin lesions were induced on the dorsum of 20 Wistar rats, after which the animals were divided into two groups: a treatment group, subjected to GaAs LLLT, and a control group. Thermography was performed daily in all of the study animals until the end of the experiment. On the fourth day after lesion induction, whole blood was collected (white blood cell count), animals were euthanized, and skin lesions were biopsied (histopathological examination). There were no differences in the number of leukocytes and in the histopathological evaluations between the groups; however, the thermography analysis indicated an increase in temperature in the treated group. The anti-inflammatory activity of GaAs LLLT was not confirmed. The increase in temperature on the surface of the skin lesions after LLLT requires further elucidation because this result could not be justified by the direct action of LLLT.
Highlights
The use of lasers in skin wound therapy has rapidly evolved in medicine
The experimental design was based on the formation of two random groups: a treated group (TG), for whom the skin lesions were treated with laser therapy (N = 10), and a control group (CG), for whom the lesions were treated with a deactivated laser (N = 10)
The anti-inflammatory activity of gallium arsenide (GaAs) photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) was not confirmed in the treatment of skin lesions in this study via hematological and histopathological examinations
Summary
The use of lasers in skin wound therapy has rapidly evolved in medicine. The low cost of the equipment combined with promising results has generated great interest among researchers in using this technique for the modulation of tissue repair. Promising results have been observed with the use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in skin wound healing, including decreased inflammatory activity (DE ARAÚJO et al, 2007), modulation of inflammatory mediators (FIORIO et al, 2017), neovascularization (LORETI et al, 2015; NOVAES et al, 2014) and faster tissue repair (REDDY; STEHNO-BITTEL; ENWEMEKA, 2001; NOVAES et al, 2014). Tissue repair is divided into three distinct phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling (BROUGHTON; JANIS; ATTINGER, 2006). This process is physiologically dynamic, with interactions and overlaps between the various stages of wound healing. Macrophages migrate to the wound site 48 hours after injury and are involved in both the completion of Carvalho et al Acta Veterinaria Brasilica December 11 (2017) 226-230 debridement and the secretion of cytokines and growth factors that promote angiogenesis, fibroplasia, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis (GARZOTTO, 2009)
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