Abstract
In three-dimensional television (3D TV) broadcasting, we find the effect of fundamental depth resolution and the cardboard effect to the perceived depth resolution on multi-view display is important. The observer distance and the specification of multi-view display quantize the expressible depth range, which affect the perception of depth resolution of the observer. In addition, the multi-view 3D TV needs the view synthesis process using depth image-based rendering which induces the cardboard effect from the relation among the stereo pickup, the multi-view synthesis and the multi-view display. In this paper, we analyze the fundamental depth resolution and the cardboard effect from the synthesis process in the multi-view 3D TV broadcasting. After the analysis, the numerical comparison and subjective tests with 20 participants are performed to find the effect of fundamental depth resolution and the cardboard effect to the perceived depth resolution.
Highlights
In recent years, three-dimensional television (3D TV) broadcasting environment has been constructed with the development of 3D display and digital broadcasting technology by many research groups, broadcasters and equipment manufacturers [1,2,3,4,5]
To reduce the cardboard effect, we analyze the relation of parameters between the pickup and the synthesis
The multi-view images are synthesized from the stereo images and the depth map with varying the depth resolution using depth image based rendering (DIBR) [12,13,14,15,16]
Summary
Three-dimensional television (3D TV) broadcasting environment has been constructed with the development of 3D display and digital broadcasting technology by many research groups, broadcasters and equipment manufacturers [1,2,3,4,5]. For the compatibility between stereoscopic and multi-view 3D TV broadcasting, the contents format for multi-view display has to keep the stereo images and the additional depth map information. The commercialized multi-view display for 3D TV broadcasting is mostly the slanted lenticular display technology, which has the limitation of expressible depth resolution fundamentally [17,18]. The observer distance of the slanted lenticular multiview display and the perceived depth resolution are both fixed, which affects to the depth resolution of 3D contents format. From the fundamental depth resolution of multi-view display and the depth perception of HVS, we can assume the saturated value in perceived depth resolution exists in the multiview 3D broadcasting. This research finds and analyzes the threshold of perceived depth resolution based on the technical factors from the specification of multi-view display and broadcasting process. Received 20 Jul 2011; revised 3 Sep 2011; accepted 3 Sep 2011; published 3 Oct 2011 10 October 2011 / Vol 19, No 21 / OPTICS EXPRESS 20469 depth resolution will provide the guideline for the manufacturer of the multi-view display and the 3D TV broadcasting systems
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