Effect of formation conditions on the motion of a cloud rising upward under the action of the force of buoyancy

Abstract

The present article gives the results of an experimental investigation of the dependence of the angle of expansion α of an ascending cloud on the conditions of its formation. When the cloud starts from a state of rest, α≈ 0.18. The greatest expansion corresponds to the presence of perturbations at the surface of the cloud. In this case, when the cloud has an initial velocity, the angle of expansion decreases with a rise in the value of the initial modified Froude number. Starting from Fr0=1.5, at the initial moment of time the starting substance breaks away from the surface of the cloud. An experimental investigation was also made of the mechanism of the capture of the surrounding medium by the cloud.