Abstract
In vitro propagation of palm oil is still an obstacle for mass propagation due to the low plant regeneration frequency. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N-phenylurea (CPPU) on a somatic embryo (SE) proliferation and plant regeneration of oil palm SUP-PSU1. At an approximate size of 5 mm, SE from chopping with a sharp razor blade at 100 times was cultured on oil palm culture medium (OPCM) with 0.1 mg/L dicamba and different concentrations CPPU. The results showed that 0.3 mg/L CPPU gave the highest SE proliferation at 100 % and the number of SEs at 5.16 embryos/tube after 4 weeks of culture. SE was transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.2M sorbitol, a secondary somatic embryo (SSE), which was induced at 66.67 % with 21.2 embryos/tube after 8 weeks. Furthermore, cultured SSE on PGR-free MS medium for 8 weeks gave the highest germination rate at 65 %, with the number of shoots at 2.29 shoots. Thus, this study provides new information for improving the plantlet regeneration system through somatic embryogenesis in oil palm.
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