Abstract
In recent years, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have continued worldwide. In the construction industry, a large amount of CO2 is generated during the production of Portland cement, and various studies are being conducted to reduce the amount of cement and enable the use of cement substitutes. Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated by melting materials such as nickel ore and bituminous coal, which are used as raw materials to produce ferronickel at high temperatures. In this study, we investigated the fluidity, microhydration heat, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and carbonation characteristics of a ternary cement mortar including ferronickel-slag powder and fly ash. According to the test results, the microhydration heat of the FA20FN00 sample was slightly higher than that of the FA00FN20 sample. The 28-day compressive strength of the FA20FN00 mix was approximately 39.6 MPa, which was higher than that of the other samples, whereas the compressive strength of the FA05FN15 mix including 15% of ferronickel-slag powder was approximately 11.6% lower than that of the FA20FN00 mix. The drying shrinkage of the FA20FN00 sample without ferronickel-slag powder was the highest after 56 days, whereas the FA00FN20 sample without fly ash showed the lowest shrinkage compared to the other mixes.
Highlights
In recent years, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have continued worldwide
A large amount of CO2 is generated during the production of Portland cement, and various studies are being conducted to reduce the amount of cement and enable the use of cement substitutes [2,3,4,5]
Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated by melting materials such as nickel ore and bituminous coal, which are used as raw materials to produce ferronickel at high temperatures
Summary
Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have continued worldwide. Portland cement is widely used to produce ready-mixed concrete and precast concrete products. Among industrial by-products, fly ash generated in thermal power plants has a pozzolanic reaction and is widely used in concrete. In Korea, approximately 10 to 20% of fly ash is substituted for cement content in readymixed concrete [6]. To use ferronickel slag in the construction industry, several guidelines and standards were established [8,9,10], but the recycling rate is still insignificant, and ferronickel slag that has not been recycled is buried and neglected in yards, causing environmental pollution [11]
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