Abstract
In submerged arc welding, fluxes have a multifaceted function throughout the process of welding. Apart from influencing bead geometry and shielding the weld pool, these fluxes also experience deliberate melting within a defined temperature range. These fluxes serve to refine the weld metal and engage in reactions between slag and metal before ultimately being eliminated as slag. The cost of welding flux constitutes a significant portion of the expenses in the submerged arc welding (SAW) process. As time has passed, the pursuit of improved compositions for welding flux, ones that offer enhanced mechanical properties and productivity while remaining economically efficient, has garnered substantial attention from researchers. This review paper focuses on the collective research efforts of various scholars within the realm of welding flux advancement. The effect of various fluxes on the structural properties of the steel has been briefly revised in this paper.
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