Effect of flaxseed oil supplementation on anthropometric and metabolic indices in patients with coronary artery disease: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Sevda Saleh-Ghadimi,Jalal Moludi,Mohammad Alizadeh,Hamed Jafari-Vayghan,Ali Golmohammadi,Sorayya Kheirouri

doi:10.15171/jcvtr.2019.26

Abstract

Introduction: It has been established that omega 3 fatty acids have cardio-protective effects through modulation of cardiometabolic risk factors via multiple mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of flaxseed oil on anthropometric indices and lipid profile in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed in 44 patients with CAD. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 200 ml of 1.5% fat milk supplemented by 5 g of flaxseed oil (containing 2.5 g α-Linolenic acid) as intervention or 200 ml of 1.5% fat milk as placebo group for 10 consecutive weeks. Anthropometric indices and lipid profile were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The results indicated that supplementation with flaxseed oil had no impact on anthropometric indices. Weight, body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference decreased statistically significant within groups, but not between groups. At the end of the intervention, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased significantly (P = 0.022) in the intervention group. Moreover, the triglyceride (TG) level decreased significantly in the intervention group from 173.45 (49.09) to 139.33 (34.26) (P < 0.001). Other lipid profile indices including total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein did not differ significantly within and between groups. Conclusion: We observed that supplementation of flaxseed oil improved TG and DBP but had no effect on other lipid profiles and anthropometric indices in patients with CAD.

Highlights

It has been established that omega 3 fatty acids have cardio-protective effects through modulation of cardiometabolic risk factors via multiple mechanisms
Participants Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who were admitted to the Shahid Madani Medical Research and Training Center affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TBZMED), Tabriz, Iran, were enrolled to participate in the current study
The present study evaluated the beneficial effects of flaxseed oil on anthropometric indices and its metabolic consequences in CAD individuals

Summary

Introduction

It has been established that omega 3 fatty acids have cardio-protective effects through modulation of cardiometabolic risk factors via multiple mechanisms. Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality worldwide, in Iranian adults at present and will be the main health problem in the country in the future[1] despite intensive management of risk factors and efforts to improve therapeutic approaches.[2,3] In addition, the prevalence of many conventional risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) such as low physical activity and abdominal obesity are high in developing countries.[4,5] The association between anthropometric indices and lipid profile with CAD has been well documented.[6,7] Recent guidelines emphasize the necessity of controlling blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and reducing visceral fat.[8,9] As a result, a complementary treatment is needed to lower several cardiometabolic risk factors. Recent studies have reported that administration of a Mediterranean ALA rich diet vs a usual diet is effective in reducing mortality after myocardial

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