Abstract
Solenopsis invicta venom alkaloids were evaluated for antimycotic activity against Beauveria bassiana isolates, AF-4 and 447, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus. Conidial germination of all isolates after 24 hr decreased with an increase in venom alkaloid concentration in both solid and liquid culture. Percentage germination of all isolates except P. fumosoroseus increased within 48 hr, indicating that the venom alkaloids act fungistatically on B. bassiana and M. anisopliae. Both P. fumosoroseus and M. anisopliae conidia were more sensitive to venom alkaloids than either of the B. bassiana isolates. P. fumosoroseus conidia were the most sensitive to venom alkaloids, since complete inhibition occurred at all concentrations >0.41 μg of alkaloid/cm 2. B. bassiana (AF-4) was more tolerant to alkaloids than the 447 isolate with significantly higher ( P = 0.05) germination rates at 10, 20, and 30 μg of alkaloid/cm 2. Vegetative growth of the B. bassiana isolates was also modified by the alkaloids in liquid culture. The hyphal body phase was induced at concentrations above 5 μg/cm 2 after 48 hr. No hyphal bodies were observed in media containing M. anisopliae or P. fumosoroseus at any alkaloid concentration.
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