Abstract
Iron toxicity is a major stress to rice caused by a high concentration of reduced iron, in the soil in many lowlands worldwide. To reduce iron toxicity in the West African lowlands, an investigation was performed at the site of the University of Ouagadougou, in pots containing an iron toxic soil from the Kou Valley (West of Burkina Faso). The experiment objective was to study the effect of mineral fertilizer on Iron Reducing Bacteria (IRB) dynamics and activity during rice cultivation, iron accumulation in rice plant and rice biomass yield under iron toxicity conditions. BOUAKE-189 and ROK-5 rice varieties, sensitive and tolerant to iron toxicity, respectively, were used for the experiment. The pots were amended with chemical fertilizers (NPK + Urea and NPK + Urea + Ca + Mg + Zn complex). Control pots without fertilization were prepared similarly. The kinetics of IRB and ferrous iron content in soil near rice roots were monitored throughout the cultural cycle using MPN and colorimetric methods, respectively. The total iron content was evaluated in rice plant using spectrometric method. Data obtained were analyzed in relation to fertilization mode, rice growth stage and rice yield using the student’s t-test and XLSTAT 2014 statistical software. The experiment revealed that NPK + Urea and NPK + Urea + Ca + Mg + Zn fertilization, decreased significantly (p
Highlights
Iron is the fourth-most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and the most prevalent redox-active metal [1] [2]
Throughout the study, the average number of Iron Reducing Bacteria (IRB) population in the soil decreased significantly in NPK + Urea + Ca + Zn + Mg amended pots (p < 0.0001), relatively to the control (T) and NPK + Urea pots ones (Table 3). It appeared that no significant difference was observed for fertilization on IRB populations (p = 0.24) in the soil near rice roots of the tolerant rice variety (ROK-5) (Table 2)
Our study reported that ROK-5 rice variety recorded the highest biomass yield among treatments
Summary
Iron is the fourth-most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and the most prevalent redox-active metal [1] [2]. Iron can adopt different spin states (high or low) in both the ferric and ferrous form, depending on its ligand [3] [4] These properties permit to the iron to participate in many major biological processes, such as photosynthesis, N2 fixation, methanogenesis, production and consumption of H2, respiration, the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) cycle, oxygen transport, gene regulation and the biosynthesis of DNA [5]-[7]. Large concentrations of ferrous Fe in soil solution may occur either when Fe is mobilized in situ by microbial reduction of ferric iron [27] or when reduced Fe is translocated into valley bottoms by interflow or subsurface flow from adjacent slopes [19] [28] [29]. The iron-reducing bacterial populations’ density, Fe2+ content in the paddy soil and iron accumulation in rice plant, were recorded during the cultural cycle of BOUAKE-189 and ROK-5 rice varieties (sensitive and tolerant to iron toxicity, respectively)
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