Effect of Feeding Modes of Molten Steel on the Mould Metallurgical Behavior for Round Bloom Casting

Abstract

Three kinds of modes for molten steel delivery have been studied in the paper for better understanding of their mould metallurgical effects during round bloom casting. The melt flow, free surface fluctuation, temperature field and solidification behavior in the mould region have been numerically analyzed upon the respective adoption of conventional straight single SEN, quad-furcated SEN with outlets in radial direction and a new type of quad-furcated SEN with outlets at tangential direction. For the latter, a strong horizontal swirling flow has been observed along with the upper and lower recirculation region in the mould. It is shown that the horizontal swirling flow in the mould can reduce the impingement depth of molten steel remarkably, inhibit the mould level fluctuation, and create an active bulk flow below the meniscus, which can also move the hot spot upward and promote superheat dissipation of the molten steel. Meanwhile, the temperature of molten steel near the free surface can be increased by 2.6 K to 4.4 K as compared with the two other normal nozzles. Moreover, compared with quad-furcated SEN with outlets in radial direction, the jet impingement on shell is much weaker, while the thickness of solidified shell at the cross-section of the mould is more even. Furthermore, the shell thickness at exit of the mould under the new type of SEN can reach approximately 18.6 mm, while that under quad-furcated SEN with outlets at radial direction is about 17.4 mm, which leave much allowance for the speed enhancement of present round bloom castings.