Abstract
Carica papaya is a well-known plant that has been reported to exert various pharmacological activities including antioxidant and wound healing properties. However, to date, the lack of scientific evidence has been explored on the efficiency of the solvents towards C. papaya extract as a potential wound healer. The selection of proper extraction solvent plays a pivotal role in extracting the bioactive compounds from the plant. Therefore, the present study was aimed to examine the effect of three types of extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) on the antioxidant activity and wound healing potential of C. papaya leaves. In this study, the effect of different solvents of C. papaya leaves extracts were determined through 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, cytotoxicity assay and scratch migration assay on Human Skin Fibroblast cells (HSF1184). The result showed that the methanolic extract of C. papaya possessed a significant antioxidant activity as compared to ethanol and aqueous extract. The result also demonstrated that methanolic extract significantly stimulates the highest migration rate of HSF1184 cell at a concentration of 3.9 µg/mL, 7.8 µg/mL and 15.6 µg/ mL (p 0.05) after 48 hrs with no cytotoxicity observed at the concentration lower than 1000 mg/mL as compared to other solvents. HPLC analysis of methanol extract identified the presence of two flavonoids (catechin, quercetin) and two phenolic acids (caffeic acid, cinnamic acid). The findings suggest that the methanolic extract of C. papaya is effective in fighting free radicals and it has good wound healing activities. It also has the potential to be further explored for its medicinal values owing to the abundance of bioactive compounds from the extract.
Highlights
A proper extraction process of herbal plants for isolation of its bioactive compounds is essential in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic application
The leaves extracts of C. papaya were examined to identify the most active extract reflecting on antioxidant potential and wound healing activity
Determination of the antioxidant capacity of C. papaya leaves extracts on different solvents was carried out using DPPH scavenging assay
Summary
A proper extraction process of herbal plants for isolation of its bioactive compounds is essential in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic application. Studies have reported that extracting bioactive compounds using a different type of solvent significantly affect phytochemical content and biological activities (Perumal et al, 2013; Thouri et al, 2017). Various literature studies have reported on the effect of C. papaya for its wound healing activities (Prashant et al, 2011; Ancheta and Acero, 2015; Nafiu and Rahman, 2015; Ajani and Ogunbiyi, 2015; Nafiu et al, 2016). It is difficult to find a relationship of in vitro study based on the effect of different solvent against antioxidant and wound healing activities. The present study was aimed to examine the effect of different extraction solvents on antioxidant and wound healing activities of C. papaya leaves extracts
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