Abstract
In this study the effect of extenders and temperatures on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of boar sperm during long-term storage was investigated. Acrosomal integrity, membrane integrity, motility and hypo-osmotic resistance were evaluated by fluorescence and light microscopy. An in vitro fertilization test was performed to assess the fertilizing capacity of stored spermatozoa. The five diluents tested were ranked according to their ability to maintain sperm functional parameters and Zorlesco (ZO) extender with BSA or with PVA instead of BSA produced the best results. Zorlesco extender substituted with PVA (ZO+PVA) was found to maintain motility both at 15 and 20°C within 5 days of storage, but the quality of semen stored at 15°C decreased thereafter as compared to semen stored at 20°C. Semen stored at 5°C demonstrated rapid loss of motility already within 24 h. Both fertilization and cleavage of semen stored at 20°C in ZO substituted with PVA instead of BSA did not change significantly until day 8 of storage. It is therefore concluded that PVA can be used to substitute for BSA and 20°C was more suitable than 15°C for boar semen storage, and in vitro fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa was maintained for at least 8 days in ZO+PVA at 20°C. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 11 : 1501- 1508)
Highlights
One of the obstacles to the use of artificial insemination (AI) in swine is the short storage life of boar spermatozoa (Johnson et al, 2000)
Utilization of preserved semen for AI in pigs has increased approximately threefold in the past 15 years, and more than 99% of the estimated 19 million inseminations conducted worldwide are made with semen that has been extended in the liquid state and used on the same day, or stored at 15-20°C for 1 to 5 days (Johnson et al, 2000)
A motility of more than 40% was maintained for 7 days in Kiev, 9 days in Beltsville thaw solution (BTS), 10 days in ZO-bovine serum albumin (BSA) and days in ZO and Zorlesco extender substituted with PVA (ZO+PVA)
Summary
One of the obstacles to the use of artificial insemination (AI) in swine is the short storage life of boar spermatozoa (Johnson et al, 2000). The Kiev (Plisko, 1965; Chyr et al, 1980), BTS (Beltsville thaw solution, Pursel and Johnson, 1975; Johnson et al, 1988) and Zorlesco (Gottardi et al, 1980; Cheng, 1988) are among the often-used extenders for liquid storage of boar semen, but their performance during longterm storage should be compared by in vitro assays. A previous study (Pursel et al, 1973) has shown that the fertility potential of extended boar semen stored at 15°C yields acceptable fertilization rates, while exposure to temperatures below 15°C would result in cold-shock and cell death. By in vitro assays and in vitro fertilization, the effect of extenders and temperatures on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of Harbin White boar semen during long-term liquid storage.
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