Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of some plant growth regulators on photosynthetic pigments and growth of fennel plants, a greenhouse experiment was conducted based on the randomized complete block design with three replicates in 2017. Treatments were the application of methyl jasmonate (25, 50, 100 and 200 μM), putrescine (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) and 24-Epibrassinolide at 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 μM and distilled water as a control. The results indicated that application of 0.5 Mm putrescine, exhibited significant effects on the chlorophyll a (62%), b (104%), total chlorophyll (72%), carotenoids (51%), flavonoids (51%), anthocyanin content (-14%), phenolic compounds (13%) and maximum quantum efficiency (17%) in dark condition and in light condition. Application of 24-Epibrassinolide resulted in a significant increase of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenol content, maximum quantum efficiency in the dark condition and photochemical quenching of fluorescence. The highest chlorophyll content and carotenoids were observed in treated plants with 0.1 µM 24-Epibrassinolide, while the maximum phenol content was obtained by application of 0.01 µM 24-Epibrassinolide. The application of methyl jasmonate significantly affected the major chlorophyll and accessory pigments (except phenol) of fennel. Plants treated with 50 µM methyl jasmonate exhibited higher concentrations of chlorophyll a (3.25 mg per g FW-1), total chlorophyll (4.35 mg per g FW-1), carotenoids (0.87 mg per g FW-1) and flavonoids (4.75 µg per g FW-1). A significant dry weight increased after the application of methyl jasmonate and it can be concluded that the most effective treatment in this regard for fennel plants was 50 µM methyl jasmonate.
Highlights
Foeniculum vulgare Mill or fennel is an important medicinal plant belongs to the Apiaceae family
Effect of Put application on the fennel pigments and photosynthetic parameters The results of the present study clearly showed that there was a significant effect of Put application on the chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content of fennel leaves (Table 2)
Results showed that the changes of anthocyanin and phenol due to the application of Put is followed a Gaussian function while other carotenoids and flavonoids were following log-normal function
Summary
Foeniculum vulgare Mill or fennel is an important medicinal plant belongs to the Apiaceae family. It was reported that MJs treatment of soybean appeared to arrest the growth, impaired leaf gas-exchange attributes and caused the loss of chlorophyll contents under water deficit conditions (Anjum et al, 2011) In another experiment, MJs increased leaf area, photosynthetic pigments and decreased chlorophyll fluorescence in Phaseolus coccineus plants (Hanaka et al, 2015). Cevahir et al (2008) reported that the application of exogenous BRs significantly affected the production of plant pigments such as chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanin in soybean. This effect was depended on the light condition. This study was conducted to study the photosynthesis potential and relative performance of fennel pigments obtained from PGRs treated plants
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