Abstract
Records of plasma calcium (Ca++), phosphorus (Pi), potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), magnesium (Mg++), iron (Fe++), glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and total protein levels were measured to determine the effects of exercise on occurrence of diurnal rhythms in Throughbred racehorses (n=7) under physical training. Physical activities consisted of gallop on the track and walking. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein every 4h over a 48h period. Plasma Ca++, K+, Mg++ and Na+ levels were obtained by flame photometry; and, Pi, Cl-, Fe++, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and total protein levels were measured by colorimetric tests using visible UV spectrophotometry. The data were analyzed using a 24h period to each exercise performed. Diurnal rhythm of Pi was observed when walking was the physical activity performed, and its acrophase occurred at the light period. Plasma triclycerides showed significant diurnal rhythms, with their acrophases occurring at the dark period, even when walking or gallop were performed. High intensity exercise (gallop) decreased triglycerides amplitude. No significant diurnal rhythms of other variables were found. Gallop, as physical activity, masked phosphorus diurnal rhythm. However, physical training did not influence triglycerides diurnal rhythm occurrence. High intensity exercise (gallop) just declined triglycerides amplitude.
Highlights
The performance of a horse during the competition is a result of a combination of many complex interactions including: age, breed, genetic potential, strength, and fitness (Nogueira et al, 2002)
Exercise physiology is a scientific endeavor, which aims the understanding of issues related to training, fitness, and athletic performance (Rose et al, 1998)
This will help on a better comprehension of physiological events and on physical training of athlete horses (Viana et al, 2003)
Summary
The performance of a horse during the competition is a result of a combination of many complex interactions including: age, breed, genetic potential, strength, and fitness (Nogueira et al, 2002). Exercise physiology is a scientific endeavor, which aims the understanding of issues related to training, fitness, and athletic performance (Rose et al, 1998). Laboratory tests are an important key in exercise physiology researches, because they can determine hematological responses to exercise. It is better to determine exercise responses at each time of the day, in order to establish a sine wave (Cipolla-Neto, 1998). Viana et al (2003) reported diurnal rhythms in Thoroughbred racehorses, under physical training. Temporal patterns of blood constituents due exercise have to be described in horses. This will help on a better comprehension of physiological events and on physical training of athlete horses (Viana et al, 2003)
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