Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to examine the interaction of a session of aerobic exercise with omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) supplementation on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) variables. METHODS Subjects were 10 recreationally active males, aged 25 ± .5 y (M ± SE), VO2max 53.1 ± 1.7, who supplemented n-3 FA (60% EPA, 40% DHA) at 4 g/d for 3–5 wk. Before and after supplementation, subjects completed a 60 min session of treadmill exercise at 60% VO2max. Following a 24 h diet and activity control period, blood was drawn immediately before and after the exercise session to assess RCT variables: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and subfractions, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity (LCATa), and cholesterol ester transfer protein activity (CETPa). RESULTS Nutrient and kcal intake did not change over the supplementation period. ANOVA with repeated measures indicated that post n-3 FA supplementation concentrations were higher than pre supplementation for total HDL-C concentrations (50.0 ± 2.9 vs 52.8 ± 3.2 mg/dl) and HDL2-C (13.9 ± 1.3 vs 18.1 ± 2.4). But HDL3-C (36.1 ± 1.9 vs 34.7 ± 2.0), LCATa (1.7 ± .06 vs 1.6 ± .05 % esterification), or CETP (22.7 ± 1.4 vs 23.4 ± 2.2 % fluorescence) were not affected by supplementation. Post exercise plus supplementation concentrations were higher than supplementation alone only for total HDL3-C (34.7 ± 2.0 vs 37.4 ± 2.4) but not for HDL-C (52.8 ± 3.2 vs 56.2 ± 4.0 or HDL2-C (18.1 ± .4 vs 18.7 ± .0). Post exercise plus supplementation concentrations were different from exercise alone for HDL-C (50.4 ± 2.8 vs 56.2 ± 4.0) and HDL2-C (13.5 ± 1.1 vs 18.7 ± 2.0). The combined treatments had no additional effects on LCATa or CETPa. CONCLUSIONS In general, n-3 FA supplementation or an exercise session positively affected HDL-C and subfractions but did not affect the enzymes associated with RCT. The combination of n-3 FA and exercise may have additional effects on HDL-C and subfractions than either treatment alone in active young men. Supported by UMC Research Council and Hegarty Foundation
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