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Abstract
Adsorption of ethonium on silica surface strongly affects the particle size distribution, stability and rheological properties of aqueous dispersions of fumed silica. The Sshape of isotherm of ethonium adsorption on nanosilica suggests the multilayer adsorption. The adsorption of ethonium leads to changes in the shape of the pHdependence of the zeta-potential and a significant increase in the particle sizes in the aqueous dispersions of silica. A marked increase in the colloidal stability is observed for the dispersions at silica concentration of 5 wt.%, while for 1 wt.% dispersions the ethonium presence almost does not affect the stability. The rheological properties of the dispersions depend on the ethonium concentration, and the maximum values of the viscosity and rheopectic behavior are observed at ethonium concentration of 0.1-0.3 wt.%
Highlights
Gemini surfactants, including quaternary ammonium salts, are used in many industrial, agricultural and medical applications [1] due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties [2,3]
In the first section surfactant molecules adsorbed on the surface, where the number of adsorbed molecules is small, so adsorbate molecules can stay parallel to the surface
In the presence of ethonium the size of the aggregates in the system increases significantly a maximum of PSDV and PSDN is observed at D=786 nm
Summary
Gemini surfactants, including quaternary ammonium salts, are used in many industrial, agricultural and medical applications [1] due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties [2,3]. These surfactants have excellent solubilizing and foaming properties [4,5], increased surface activity, extremely low critical micelle concentration (CMC) [6] and may have very low Kraft temperatures [7]. Ionic surfactants interact with surface by electrostatic attraction between charged parts of surfactants molecules and surface hydroxyl groups. The hydrophilicity of the surface decreases and can be formed the layer of surfactant molecules, wherein the charged particles will be oriented outwards, which leads to increase of surface hydrophilicity and increasing of the surface charge
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