Abstract
An increase in the energy demand has accompanied the increasing prevalence of the population. Ethanol is an excellent alternative to conventional fuel. At the same time, globally, bio-ethanol production is gradually increasing day by day. As an oxygen-containing compound, it generates low PM emissions and significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Ethanol increases the oxygen content of the fuel and burns it completely. This review focused on the comparative analysis of ethanol properties with other alcohol and conventional fuel specifications. The effect of ethanol on spark ignition engine characteristics is also discussed in detail. Ethanol has now become the most abundant and broadly used bio-fuel today. However, few obstacles are there in using ethanol in diesel engines. High octane number is the main reason why ethanol can be best for SI engines.
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