Abstract
Ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis has shown many valuable bioactivities, but little is known about its effect on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, biofilm formation of S. aureus NCTC8325 with or without ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis was tested using microtitre plate assay and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) system. Results show that the biofilm formation of S. aureus with ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis was significantly lower than that of the control group without ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis. Meanwhile, the reduction degree was correlated to the concentration of ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis positively. With CLSM system we can observe that looser and less biomass of the biofilm structure of the experimental group appeared than that of the control group. These results suggested that ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis has inhibitory effect on biofilm formation of S. aureus.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus, as an important opportunistic pathogen is a leading cause of human bacterial infection worldwide and is endemic in both hospital and community, which can cause potentially life-threatening nosocomial and community-acquired infections, such as osteomyelitis and endocarditis [1] [2]
We investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis against biofilm formation of S. aureus in vitro, and concluded that ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis has inhibitory effect on biofilm formation of S. aureus
Inhibitory Effect of Ethanol Extract of Venenum Bufonis on S. aureus Figure 1 shows the viable counts of S. aureus NCTC8325 after exposure to tryptic soy broth (TSB) with or without the extract from Venenum Bufonis for 12 h at 37 ̊C
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus, as an important opportunistic pathogen is a leading cause of human bacterial infection worldwide and is endemic in both hospital and community, which can cause potentially life-threatening nosocomial and community-acquired infections, such as osteomyelitis and endocarditis [1] [2]. S. aureus has the ability to adhere to many tissues and implants in humans to form biofilms, which enables it to survive in antimicrobial stress and immune responses causing refractory chronic infections. (2014) Effect of Ethanol Extract of Venenum Bufonis on Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus aureus. Venenum Bufonis, a traditional Chinese medicine used as a topical anesthetic and cardiac medication, is extracted from the dried white secretion of auricular glands and skin glands of Chinese toad (Bufo melanostictus Schneider or Bufo bufo gargarzinas Gantor). Ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis has shown strong pharmacological activity, including the effects on antiproliferative [6] and on anti-osteosarcoma [7], killing various cancer cells by inducing their apoptosis [8] [9]. To date, the effect of ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis on S. aureus biofilm formation has not been reported. We investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis against biofilm formation of S. aureus in vitro, and concluded that ethanol extract of Venenum Bufonis has inhibitory effect on biofilm formation of S. aureus
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