Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflamation of supporting tissues on teeth that became the main cause of Prophyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria. Treatment of periodontitis is by giving antibacterial agent therapy. Plants that have antibacterial effects one are Eleutherine bulbosa (UEB) bulbs from the Iridaceae family. This plant has been used for ethnobotany boils drugs and has been known to have antibacterial activity toward against intestinal pathogen bacteria that is anaerobic Gram Negative, but still unknown its activity against on oral pathogenic bacteria such as P. gingivalis. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of UEB extract on the growth of P. gingivalis bacteria as in vitro. UEB is taken from agriculture center in Samarinda city. UEB Simplisia was tested for antibacterial activity using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on BHI-A media supplemented with vitamin K and hemin. The bacteria which used were P. gingivalis ATCC® 33277. Blank disc 6 mm with nine concentrations attached to BHI-A medium, incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C in an anaerobic atmosphere, then sprayed MTT (3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenylttetrazoliumbromide) reagent and read a few moments later. For comparison, then used Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) 2 mg/ml. The statistical analysis with t-test and there was significant different if p<0.05. The result showed that the higher concentration of UEB ethanol extract will increase the growth inhibition zone of P. gingivalis bacteria and reach maximum at 10 mg/ml concentration. The result of t-test showed no difference significant of P. gingivalis bacterial inhibition zone in the treatment group of 7.5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml concentration on CHX group. This study proves UEB ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis bacteria.
Highlights
Periodontal disease is teeth and mouth diseases that is often suffered by humans
Bulbs E. bulbosa has been shown to have an antibacterial effect on intestinal pathogen bacterial Escherichia coli (E. coli) which is an anaerobic Gram Negative bacterial [8], but the activity has not been known through bacteria P. gingivalis
The bacteria of P. gingivalis belong to anaerobic Gram Negative bacterial such E. coli so it can be inhibited by E. bulbosa
Summary
Periodontal disease is teeth and mouth diseases that is often suffered by humans. Periodontitis is one of periodontal disease, where there is inflammation of the dental support tissue, the main cause of specific bacteria in sub gingival plaque. Sub gingival plaques bacteria may cause an inflammatory response to the gingiva and continue to the structure of the dental support tissue are the alveolar bone, the periodontal ligament and the cementum This condition causes the loss of attachment on gingiva and alveolar bone damage, periodontal pocket formation and mobility on the teeth [1,2]. Bulbs E. bulbosa has been shown to have an antibacterial effect on intestinal pathogen bacterial Escherichia coli (E. coli) which is an anaerobic Gram Negative bacterial [8], but the activity has not been known through bacteria P. gingivalis. The bacteria of P. gingivalis belong to anaerobic Gram Negative bacterial such E. coli so it can be inhibited by E. bulbosa. Disc extracts of various concentrations of E. bulbosa, CHX 2 mg/ml and 96% ethanol are placed on the agar plate which has been inoculated with bacteria. The statistics measurement with t-test and different meaning if the result is
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