Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the surface microhardness and morphology, as well as the microshear bond strength of a self-etching adhesive (Clearfil SE, Kuraray) to eroded dentin, exposed or not to cigarette smoke. Forty dental crowns were divided into 4 groups (n = 10): no treatment (control) (C); erosion (E); erosion + cigarette smoke exposure (ES); cigarette smoke exposure (S). Samples were prepared through third molars polishing until dentin exposure, followed by crown section. Erosive cycles were performed 5 times/day for 30 s at 60 min intervals. Cigarette smoke was produced with twenty cigarettes/day, during 5 days. Microhardness was evaluated initially and after the treatments. Microshear bond strength was tested after the treatments and dentin restoration with flow composite. Failure patterns and dentin morphology was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Microshear bond strength data was submitted to two-way ANOVA, microharness test was adjusted by gamma distribution to be a non-parametric analyses (p=0.05), and surface morphology as qualitative analyses. Loss percentage of microhardness was observed only in groups submitted to erosion. Bond strength was statistically similar between all groups. The most prevalent failure pattern was of adhesive type. Morphological analysis of dentin showed obliterated tubules in groups submitted to cigarette smoke exposure. Cigarette smoke exposure did not promote any effect in the percentage of microhardness loss, as in sound dentin as in eroded dentin. Cigarette smoke, erosion, and association of both, did not alter the bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dentin.KeywordsBond strength; Cigarette Smoke; Dental erosion; Microhardness; Self-etching adhesives.
Highlights
Data published by World Health Organization (WHO) indicated that around two billion people use tobacco worldwide [1], being considered a public health problem, since its associated with more than 7 million deaths per year [2]
Changes in color, surface roughness and microhardness of both the dental structure and restorative materials may occur, and the bond strength of some dentin bonding systems may be reduced, and these substances are important for the clinical success of restorations [5,6,7,8]
It was possible to observe a statistically significant difference only for the groups whose specimens were submitted to the erosive process (E and ES) when compared to the groups not submitted to erosion. (C and S) (p = 0.0145)
Summary
Data published by World Health Organization (WHO) indicated that around two billion people use tobacco worldwide [1], being considered a public health problem, since its associated with more than 7 million deaths per year [2]. Changes in color, surface roughness and microhardness of both the dental structure and restorative materials may occur, and the bond strength of some dentin bonding systems may be reduced, and these substances are important for the clinical success of restorations [5,6,7,8]. Smoke habit it is frequently associated with the acid beverages consumption, which have a highly erosive potential (for example-based coca soft drinks and coffee) increasing the susceptibility of dental erosion [9,10,11,12]. Once the dentin tissue exposure, there is a necessity for restorative treatments to replace lost tissue [15,16]
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