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Abstract
Composite resins are used in Dentistry to perform direct aesthetic restorations, and are a material whose properties can be influenced by the diet of the individual, especially in the face of the action of beverages with acid pH, such as energy drinks. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of two energy beverages on the chemical composition of a nanoparticulate composite resin, at two-time intervals. Filtek Z350XT (3M/ESPE) composite resin was used to produce thirty-six specimens (discs) of 6.0mm x 1.5mm dimensions. The specimens were initially immersed in distilled water for 24h at 37ºC and then randomly divided into two groups (n=18); according to the immersion time: 1 month (T1) and 3 months (T2); and in three subgroups (n=6) referring to immersion solutions: distilled water (control) and two energy beverages (RedBull and Monster). The inorganic composition of the specimens was measured by a spectrometry. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. The main inorganic elements of this restorative material were respectively: zirconium (Zr), silicon (Si) and calcium (Ca), which reduced its percentage after immersion time. RedBull was the most active solution, promoting losses of the mineral Si after 1 month of immersion, of Zr, after 3 months, and of Ca after 1 month and after 3 months. Monster influenced losses only in Si, after 1 month. Distilled water did not induce significant losses. Thus, the two energy beverages reduced the inorganic percentage of the nanoparticulate composite resin evaluated in this research.
Highlights
The aesthetics of the smile plays an important role in society, with a composite resin being a widely used dental material for this application, with indication for both anterior and posterior teeth
The Tukey test was performed to analyze the averages between immersion times after 1 month and 3 months in the different solutions (Table 3), and the p values can be seen in (Table 4), which shows the statistical interaction between the solutions at different immersion times for each chemical element
The amount of charge found for the element Silicon, in samples immersed in distilled water, was statistically higher compared to Red Bull (p=0.003) and Monster (p=0.03) in the time of 1 month, which indicates there was a loss of this mineral in the samples immersed in energy drinks when compared to the distilled water control solution, with no differences between the different solutions after 3 months
Summary
The aesthetics of the smile plays an important role in society, with a composite resin being a widely used dental material for this application, with indication for both anterior and posterior teeth. Its physical and chemical properties are closely related to the quantity and size of their filler components. The higher this percentage, the greater the mechanical strength, microhardness and modulus of elasticity and less contraction of polymerization [1]. The hydrophilic characteristics of the resin matrix influence the degree of water sorption and, acidic drinks can impair the surface integrity of the composite resins, aesthetically and physically, tending to cause erosion on the surface of material, and this degradation is related to the content and distribution of inorganic fillers [2, 3]. The presence of citric acid, high sugar content and low pH of its composition are harmful to teeth and restorations, if consumed routinely [6, 7]
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