Abstract
The Indian flying barb, Esomus danricus was exposed to three sub lethal concentrations of endosulfan EC 35 (0.49, 0.049 and 0.0049 μg l-1) to determine changes in the oxygen consumption patterns and gill morphology. The rates of oxygen consumption declined, while the gills showed various histopathological changes including marked epithelial lifting, lamellar fusion, hyperplasia, hypertrophy, mucus secretion, mucous cell proliferation, vascular congestion and blood sinus constriction after 28 days of toxicant exposure. Higher doses of exposure had more severe effects. Ceylon Journal of Science (Bio. Sci.) 41 (2): 145-150, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjsbs.v41i2.5384
Highlights
A major part of the total pesticide application in the Assam state in the north eastern region of India is in its tea gardens (Gurusubramanian et al, 2008)
Endosulfan is a broad-spectrum organochlorine pesticide widely used in tea gardens and ricepaddy fields throughout Assam for the control of arthropod pests
The experimental data of the present study reveals that oxygen consumption decreases with the time of exposure to the tested toxicant and is well supported by Pillai and Diwan (2002)
Summary
A major part of the total pesticide application in the Assam state in the north eastern region of India is in its tea gardens (Gurusubramanian et al, 2008). The average consumption of pesticides in India is 0.5 kg/ha Against this modest figure, pesticide use in tea is 11.5 kg/ha in Assam (including the Barak Valley), 16.75 kg ha-1 in Dooars and Terai, and 7.35 kg/ha in Darjeeling (North Bengal) (Gurusubramanian et al, 2008), thereby increasing the risk of pesticide pollution in tea-growing areas. Endosulfan, a persistent organic pollutant, has high aquatic toxicity and may be toxic to fishes even at recommended levels (Romeo and Quijano, 2000). It is, very likely that this pesticide enters adjoining water bodies and causes harm to non-target aquatic organisms too. Several studies have indicated that pesticide pollution may occur at higher concentrations in small, shallow ponds (Berrill et al, 1994)
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