Abstract
Investigations were carried out during 2014 and 2015 to study the effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and yield contributing parameters of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under open top chamber (OTC) at research farm of Department of Environmental Science, Dr Y.S. Parmar UHF, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh with four treatments [T1(eCO2): OTC with elevated CO2 550±10 ppm; T2(eT & eCO2): elevated temperature by 1°C and elevated CO2 550±10 ppm; T3(aT & aCO2): ambient temperature and CO2 and T4: natural condition] and each treatment had two varieties (California Wonder and Solan Bharpur) of bell pepper which were replicated thrice. Results revealed that bell pepper recorded maximum plant height, leaf area, yield attributes under eCO2 which were significantly higher than all other treatments. However, the harvest duration and days to first harvest was lowest under eCO2. Higherfruit size as well as fruit weight was recorded with eCO2 followed by eT and eCO2, aT and aCO2 and open natural condition. But maximum number of fruits and highest fruit yield was obtained with natural condition which was significantly superior over eCO2 as well as over eT and eCO2 because increase in temperature negated fruit set due to less pollen viability under eCO2 and eT & eCO2 as compared to open. In open natural conditions due to higher pollen viability and more fruit setting as compared to higher CO2 andtemperature conditions, it resulted more yield. Solan Bharpur recorded higher total fruit yield (800.2 g plant-1) than California Wonder (399.1 g plant-1). Elevated CO2 has positive effect on plant growth and yield attributes in both cultivars of bell pepper. However, under interactive effect of elevated CO2 and elevated temperature, rising temperature negated the positive effects of elevated CO2 on crop production.
Highlights
T: elevated temperature by 1°C and elevated CO 550±10 ppm; T: ambient temperature and CO and T : natural condition] and each treatment had two varieties (California W onder and Solan Bharpur) of bell pepper which were replicated thrice
Circular type Open top chambers (OTC) of 4 m diameter were used to raise the crop under conditions of elevated carbon dioxide, elevated carbon dioxide + elevated temperature and ambient CO and temperature
Data on these various parameters was recorded by following standard procedures in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) and their means values were utilized for statistical analysis as per the method described by Gomez and Gomez (1984)
Summary
T (eT & eCO ): elevated temperature by 1°C and elevated CO 550±10 ppm; T (aT & aCO ): ambient temperature and CO and T : natural condition] and each treatment had two varieties (California W onder and Solan Bharpur) of bell pepper which were replicated thrice. Results revealed that bell pepper recorded maximum plant height, leaf area, yield attributes under eCO2 which were significantly higher than all other treatments. Elevated CO2 has positive effect on plant growth and yield attributes in both cultivars of bell pepper. Climate of Himachal Pradesh, India has changed in last few decades and maximum temperature has increased in all the seasons, in winter season and which has affected the crops and their suitabiligy area, as a result apple suitability area are shifting towards higher latitudes (Rana et al 2011, 2012; Singh and Patel 2017; Bhardwaj and Sharma, 2013). Objective of this study was to investigate the growth and yield parameters of bell pepper under the effect of increasing CO concentration and temperature
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