Abstract
Effect of iron on the carbothermic reduction of anatase and rutile forms of titanium dioxide was studied. Differential thermogravimetric analysis indicated a significantly different reduction route in the presence of iron with a number of clear minima in the rate of mass loss observed. X-ray diffraction of the products at these minima indicated that rutile initially formed FeTiO 3 which reduced to γ-Ti 3O 5, whilst anatase reduced through the mixed Ti(III/IV) phases of general formula Ti n O 2 n−1 to d-Ti 3O 5. The final stage was the reduction of Ti 3O 5 to the sub-stoichiometric carbide, TiC 0.5. Iron was found to stabilise the Ti 3O 5 phases which were absent from an iron-free system, this is presumed to be due to partial substitution of trivalent iron for trivalent titanium.
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