Abstract
The organic fertilizers such as urban wet-waste compost and vermicompost can improve the physicochemical properties of soil and have a favourite effect on plants growth due to the high nutrient content, high water holding capacity, plant growth regulators, and beneficial microorganisms. In this regard, this study was conducted to evaluate the organic fertilizer mixture on the physiological and morphological indices of tomato seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was done as factorial in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The evaluated factors included the vermicompost fertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30 wt %), and the urban wet-waste compost (0, 10, 20, 30 wt %). In evaluation of the simple-effects of vermicompost and urban wet-waste compost the results showed that the 30 wt % level compared to the control sample increased the leaf area (+12.28% and +9.33%). It also increased the number of leaves (+17.5% and +22.9%), dry weight of root (+17.3% and +16.9%), chlorophyll-b content (+4.9% and +12.3 %), carotenoids (+2.9% and +7.9 %), and the total chlorophyll content (+23.7% and +13.8%). Results of evaluating the treatments showed that the vermicompost and urban wet-waste compost mixture in 30 wt % level (V4C4) caused significant increase in the plant height, leaf dry weight, root length, relative water content, cell membrane stability coefficient, efficiency of photochemical performance of PSII and the chlorophyll-a content (compared to other treatments especially low levels of organic fertilizer consumption). According to the final results of this study, using the vermicompost and urban wet waste compost mixture in 30 wt % level is recommended to improve the morphological and physiological traits of tomato in greenhouse conditions.
Highlights
The compare means of compost and vermicompost effects on bush height indicated that by increasing the levels of compost and vermicompost, the plant height increased significantly, so that the V4C4 and V3C4 had the most value of plant height, except V3C3 and V4C3 levels, this parameter increased significantly in all levels of C and V
In studying the interaction of compost and vermicompost on dry weight of leaf the results showed that V4C4 treatment had most dry weight of leaf with 2.63 g weight, and had no significant difference with V4C3 with 2.40 g weight, but had significant increase compared to other studied treatments
The results of the compare means regarding the simple effects of vermicompost on root dry weight showed that studied vermicompost treatments in this experiment (10, 20, and 30 wt %) caused to significant increase of this parameter in comparison with control, so that between vermicompost treatments, treatment of 30 wt% increased the root dry weight significantly compared to treatments of 10 and 20 wt% (Table 3)
Summary
Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of most important cultivated plant in the world, and is one of most important greenhouse vegetables (Ejaz et al, 2011). It is too an important source of antioxidants (such as Carotenoids and Lycopene), polyphenols and organic acids (Giovanelli and Paradiso, 2002). The regular consumption of tomato leads to the reduction of the cardiovascular disease, prostate cancers, and maintaining the balance of acid and alkali in the body Received in revised form: 06 May 2020.
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