Abstract
The effect of the deformation route on the microstructural evolution of low CN Fe-20%Cr alloy by ECAP has been investigated, with a focus on the anisotropy of the microstructure. This alloy was pressed at 423 K from one, two and four passes via routes A, Bc and C, and the microstructure was observed three dimensionally. As has been acknowledged, overall grain fragmentation proceeded most effectively in route Bc, and the highest hardness was obtained following routes C and A. However, the degree of anisotropy of microstructural development is different among the three deformation routes. The fractions of the high angle grain boundary (HAGB) and mean grain boundary misorientation were high and nearly isotropic in route Bc, whereas they are considerably low in one direction and highly anisotropic in routes A and C. Most importantly, those two parameters and hardness are the highest in route C if limited to the transverse direction, i.e., normal to both the insert and extruding directions. This result contrasts with FCC materials which most papers report as having the highest fraction of HAGB in route Bc. This result can be interpreted by the slip irreversibility of screw dislocations which is predominant in BCC metals.
Highlights
IntroductionApplication of severe plastic deformation (SPD) as a process of fabricating ultrafine grained (UFG)
Application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) as a process of fabricating ultrafine grained (UFG)material to the sub micrometer level increased in popularity for 25 years in the field of materials science and engineering [1]
Microstructural observation and texture analysis revealed that the process of grain refinement by severe plastic deformation can be divided into different stages as is shown in Figure 2 for several kinds of deformation route
Summary
Application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) as a process of fabricating ultrafine grained (UFG). Material to the sub micrometer level increased in popularity for 25 years in the field of materials science and engineering [1]. This popularity is partially explained by the new techniques of SPD that have been developed to introduce ultrafine grain microstructures in polycrystalline materials. Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) is a type of SPD used to produce UFG material. The majority of papers on SPD materials have been devoted to the face-centered cubic (FCC) materials such as Al [4], Cu [5] and Ni [6]. Body-centered cubic (BCC) metals such as tungsten [7,8], and carbon steels [9] have mostly been studied from a practical viewpoint
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