Effect of Earthquake Vibrations on Critical Tunnel Infrastructure

Abstract

Abstract. In this study, the effect of key vibration parameters on the tunnels was examined and effective vulnerability indicators were obtained. It was found out that earthquake resulted in deformation at the tunnel section, creating cracks or opening the joints, collapsing from the ceiling or walls, displacement of the tunnel axis at the intersection of the fault, and shelling of the roof or wall. Moreover, the results showed that there are several damaging factors to the tunnels during earthquake, such as faults motion across the tunnel, sliding loose blocks, fracture of ground and collapse of soil, and vibration. Diameter of tunnel, depth of tunnel, type of site soil, rigidity of the tunnel coating are the factors contributing to the behavior of tunnels during earthquake. Eventually, it became clear that the underground structures are not adequately safe against earthquakes. Hence, the geophysical and geological factors should also be considered as well as crisis management in the construction of such structures.