Effect of Dy-Co on physical and magnetic properties of X-type hexaferrites (Ba2−xDyxCu2Fe28−yCoyO46)

Abstract

Sol–gel method is used to make a sequence of Barium based “X-type hexagonal ferrite (X-HF)” Ba2−xDyxCu2Fe28 −yCoyO46. “X-type hexagonal ferrites” with concentrations of “x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.06, 0.1 and y = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5” are taken and the substitution impact of trivalent Dy3+ and divalent Co2+ is observed on the physical and magnetic properties of X-HFs. The XRD result, the refinement of which is accomplished using CelRef software validates the existence of pure single phase in these ferrites. Morphological structure of the crystal grains is calculated using electron microscopy and it is found that the grain has varying size in the range of 0.75–1.001 mm. FTIR analysis is done with and without the sintering process to examine the changes relevant to the structure and the chemistry of the material and the phases existed in the material. Thermogravimetric analyzer is used to measure the TGA and DSC quantities. All FTIR, DSC, and TGA results show that they are in good harmony with the results outcomes from XRD. “Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)” is used to quantify the magnetic properties of the sample under observation. It is observed that with an increase in the concentration of Dy-Co, Mr (Remanence) value decreases this could be reasoned by spin canting effect. The value of coercivity (Hc) changes from 317 to 158 G which follows the inverse relation between grain size and coercivity. The future use of the material may be in the microwave absorption devices.