Effect of duration of feed withdrawal and transportation time on muscle characteristics and quality in Friesian-Holstein calves.

Abstract

Twenty-week-old Friesian-Holstein calves were used to assess the influences of the duration of feed withdrawal before transport (1 or 11 h) and of transport time (1 or 11 h) on carcass and muscle characteristics and meat sensory qualities. One hundred twelve calves were used for live weight and carcass measurements, following a 2 x 2 factorial design (28 replicates). Twelve calves were randomly selected in each treatment group to examine muscle characteristics and sensory quality of longissimus lumborum (LL) and semimembranosus (SM). Long transport (11 h) increased loss in live weight (P < .001) and dressing percentage (P < .001). Feed withdrawal for 11 h also increased dressing percentage (P < .001). Long transport resulted in decreased liver weight (P < .05), glycolytic potential (P < .01), and pH at 4 h postmortem (P < .05) in the LL. Drip loss, compositional traits, cooking loss, and sarcomere length in the LL, as well as drip loss, pH values, compositional traits, cooking loss, and sarcomere length in the SM, were unaffected by the treatments. However, long transport decreased tenderness score in the LL (P < .05) and SM (P < .01). It also increased myofibrillar resistance (P < .001) in the latter muscle. The results demonstrate an unfavorable effect of long transport on the sensory quality of veal. This effect cannot be explained on the basis of differences in pH values and(or) compositional characteristics.