Effect of Drying Temperature on the Proximate Composition of Soybean Crude Residue-Base Fish Feed

Abstract

Soybean crud residue has been a by-product of processed soybean being used as land fill and contributing nuisance to the community. Its 30% protein contain necessitate it recycle into feed, be it animal feed or for human consumption. Soybean crud fish feed was formulated using pearson fish feed formulation. Objective of this research work is to investigate the effect of drying temperature on proximate composition of soybean crud residue base fish feed. It was carried out in Food Laboratory of Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure. Soybean crud residue was obtained from soybeans after the extraction of soymilk, while other component of the feed were bought. Pelletized feed was produced and dried in an oven at different temperature of 40°C 50°C 60°C 70°C and 80°C respectively. Rate of water losses in drying duration of 2 hours 45 minutes at different drying temperatures was realised. Drying rate was at different temperature and time of 50 g samples was obtained, this shows rate of drying and diffusion rate of water in the feed. Proximate composition of feed Moisture Content, Ash, Fat, Fiber, Protein, and Carbohydrate were analyzed using standard method. Protein content varied from 35.55±0.06% at 40°C to 31.80±0.01% at 80°C, lipid content ranged from 2.89±0.01% at 40°C to 2.74±0.03% at 50°C, fiber content ranged between 7.76±0.01% at 60°C to 7.62±0.01% at 40°C, moisture content varied from 9.64±0.00% at 40°C to 7.28±0.02% at 80°C, carbohydrate content varied from 45.67±0.01% at 80°C to 39.36±0.01% at 40°C and ash ranged from 5.19±0.01% at 50°C to 4.67±0.01% at 80°C, respectively. Proximate composition analyzed varied significantly from one another. Best result of proximate composition after drying was obtained at 40°C drying temperatures among all the five temperatures.