Abstract
Tolerant and susceptible durum wheat varieties were grown in the 1st and 2nd settlement zone under rainfed conditions inDaraa province-Syria, In order to expose plants to different level of water regime, since the two zones differ in total amount of rainfall during the growing season. Plants were suffered from terminal drought stress in both zones, however, the drought was more sever in the 2nd settlement zone. All measured parameters: chlorophyll content, MSI, RWC, Fv/Fm decreased significantly in the 2nd compared to the 1st zone at all growth stages, however more reduction was recorded in drought susceptible varieties. Yield all yield components also affected negatively and drought tolerant varieties have maintained good performance in the 2nd zone. Our results proved that Chlorophyll content, MSI, RWC and Fv/Fm are good physiological indices of drought tolerance and can be used for improvement drought tolerance in wheat.
Highlights
Wheat is the most important cereal crop, it's stable diet for more than one third of the world population and contributes more calories and protein to the world diet than any other cereal crop (Abd-El-Haleemet al., 2009)
Our results proved that Chlorophyll content, membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC) and Fv/Fm are good physiological indices of drought tolerance and can be used for improvement drought tolerance in wheat
Researchers linked various physiological responses of plant to drought with their tolerance mechanisms, such as: pigment content and stability and high relative water content (Clarke and McCaig, 1982).Drought tolerant wheat species can be characterized by growth response, changes in water relations of tissues exposed to low water potential, stomatal conductance, ion accumulation and changes in the fluorescence induction parameters under water stress (Blum, 1988).In recent years, the screening of plant fluorescence signatures is developing as a specific tool which could be applied to detect the functioning and health status of plants (Lichtenthaleret al., 1999; Samson et al, 2000)
Summary
Wheat is the most important cereal crop, it's stable diet for more than one third of the world population and contributes more calories and protein to the world diet than any other cereal crop (Abd-El-Haleemet al., 2009). Drought is the most severe stress and the main cause of significant losses in growth and productivity of crop plants (Ludlow and Muchow, 1990).Drought induces significant alterations in plant physiology and biochemistry. Researchers linked various physiological responses of plant to drought with their tolerance mechanisms, such as: pigment content and stability and high relative water content (Clarke and McCaig, 1982).Drought tolerant wheat species can be characterized by growth response, changes in water relations of tissues exposed to low water potential, stomatal conductance, ion accumulation and changes in the fluorescence induction parameters under water stress (Blum, 1988).In recent years, the screening of plant fluorescence signatures is developing as a specific tool which could be applied to detect the functioning and health status of plants (Lichtenthaleret al., 1999; Samson et al, 2000). The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of water stress- imposed by planting different durum wheat varieties in different settlement zones (differ in total annual rainfall)- on various physiological parameters and www.ccsenet.org/jas yield components in and to find out the best and most simple tool which could be used for screening wheat varieties for drought tolerance
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