Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the osteogenic properties of a bioglass-doxycycline complex for bone regeneration applications in calvarial bone defects in rats.Methods: Three critical-size bone defects were created in each of eight experimental rats using a trephine bur. The experimentally created defects were then filled with bioglass-doxycycline (BG-D group), bioglass alone (BG group), or left unfilled (control group). Four randomly selected rats weresacrificed after 4 weeks while the other four rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks. The amount of newly regenerated bone and the osteoblast and osteoclast counts were calculated using histological analysis.Results: Increase in the amount of regenerated bone was significant in the bioglass-doxycycline group at both 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.05). Differences between the three groups in the mean number of osteoblasts were also significant at both 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.05). Comparison of the three groupsrevealed significant increase in osteogenesis rate and considerable enhancement of the number of osteoblasts in both bioglass and bioglass-doxycycline groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The complex of doxycycline and bioglass increased the rate of osteogenesis and number of osteoblasts in rats but decreased the number of osteoclasts. Therefore, bioglass-doxycycline can be considered as a bone graft in bone regeneration for medical applications.
 Keywords: Bone, Regeneration, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Osteogenesis, Bioglass, Doxycycline
Highlights
Regeneration of bone defects is a challenging topic in dentistry [1]
Due to the existing controversy concerning the effect of simultaneous application of tetracyclines and bone grafting on the rate of osteogenesis, and considering the gap in the information regarding the effect of applying bioglass-doxycycline complex on osteogenesis, here, the osteogenic properties of bioglass-doxycycline complex was studied for regenerating the calvarial bone defects in rats
The margins of the calvarial bone and the defect site were evident at 4 weeks in the control group and no newly regenerated bone was observed in the calvarial bone tissue
Summary
Regeneration of bone defects is a challenging topic in dentistry [1]. Different types of grafts have been suggested for reconstruction and regeneration of periodontal bone defects including autografts, allografts, and xenografts [4]. Due to the existing controversy concerning the effect of simultaneous application of tetracyclines and bone grafting on the rate of osteogenesis, and considering the gap in the information regarding the effect of applying bioglass-doxycycline complex on osteogenesis, here, the osteogenic properties of bioglass-doxycycline complex was studied for regenerating the calvarial bone defects in rats. Bioglass 45S5 (sterile) was purchased from Medzist Company (Tehran, Iran) and doxycycline powder was gifted from Hakim Pharmaceutical Company (Tehran, Iran) This animal study was performed on eight adult male Wistar rats of 250 to 300 g weight. The significance of differences was analyzed by a paired t-test and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05
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