Abstract
ABSTRACT We describe the synthesis, structural and morphological characteristics of cobalt and nickel doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by solution combustion technique by utilizing lemon juice as bio-fuel. Structural parameters were confirmed by the X-ray Rietveld refinement method, all the compounds were crystallized in the wurtzite hexagonal structure with space group P63mc (No. 186). Field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray elemental mapping results revealed agglomerated spherical shaped particles and dopant ions were homogeneously distributed. Antibacterial, anticancer, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation activities were studied on undoped ZnO-, Co-, and Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles upon un-exposed/exposed to ultraviolet radiations at 300 nm for 1 h. Antibacterial studies were performed against Salmonella enterica and Clostridium perfringens. Anticancer activity was tested on HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines. Generation of ROS was studied in J744 mouse macrophage cells. Doping of cobalt or nickel in the ZnO lattice enhanced antibacterial, anticancer, and oxidative response generation activities compared to undoped ZnO NPs. These activities were further improved upon exposure to ultraviolet radiations. Together, data indicate a direct activity of ZnO NPs against bacteria, cancer cells and simultaneously boosting host’s immunity via inducing activation of immune cells (mouse macrophage cells).
Highlights
The use of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) for anticancer and antibacterial treatments has been previously well demon strated by many researchers
Data showed the effect of exposure of UV radiations on the capacity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), both undoped as well as doped ones, on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by the murine macrophage cells
Data suggested that UV-exposed undoped ZnO NPs induced increased ROS generation as compared to UV-unexposed samples at 50.0 μg/mL followed by a drastic fall at lower concentrations, e.g., 25.0 and 12.5 μg/mL
Summary
The use of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) for anticancer and antibacterial treatments has been previously well demon strated by many researchers. Green synthesis approach for the synthesis of metal NPs has many different advantages over different strategies like it’s extre mely straightforward, clean, efficient, economically low cost as bio-resources are used which will act as reducer as stabilizing agent and cap ping agent It is a nontoxic technique because of less or nonconsumption of unsafe materials on the surface of nanomaterials, it doesn’t want any exter nal ligand or capping or stabilizing agent for NPs [15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. Co and Ni metal ions at different concentrations (1 to 9 mol percent) were doped into ZnO by SCS using lemon juice as bio-fuel. All the samples were subjected to calcination at 600°C for 3 h
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