Abstract
Abstract Controlled conduction of magnetic spins is desired for data processing in modern spintronic devices. Transition metal-doped ZnO is a potential candidate for this purpose. We studied the effects of cobalt doping on structural, absorbance, and magnetic properties of ZnO nano-particles. Different compositions (Zn0.99Co0.1O, Zn0.97Co0.3O, and Zn0.95Co0.5O) of cobalt-doped ZnO were fabricated using metallic chlorides by co-precipitation method. XRD revealed standard ZnO wurtzite crystal structure without lattice distortion due to impurities but showed presence of additional phases at higher doping ratios. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy also confirmed the standard ZnO profiles at lower doping ratios but additional phases at higher doping. Vibrating sample magnetometer showed soft ferromagnetic behavior for low impurity samples and harder ferromagnetic behavior for higher doping at room temperature. A simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/thermo gravimetric analysis was performed to study the phase variations during crystallization.
Highlights
After the theoretical study of Dietl et al in which they observed room temperature ferromagnetism in Mn-doped ZnO [5], the researchers started a comprehensive study of Mn and other transition metaldoped ZnO
The crystallite size calculated using Scherer's formula was found to be 14.61, 14.9, and 15.27nm for 1%, 3%, and5% cobalt-doped ZnO, respectively
From the obtained Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) profiles, we can observe the typical ZnO peaks and presence of organic contents in 1% and 3% doped samples, but in 5% cobaltdoped ZnO sample, we can observe additional peaks in wave number region 600 to 1,200 cm−1 which is the region of ZnO and cobalt and oxygen (Co-O) bonding which again represents the presence of additional phases at higher concentration of doping
Summary
Its fundamental structural properties were studied in 1935 for the first time by Bunn [1], and detailed optical studies were carried out by Damen et al [2] and Decremps et al [3] using Raman spectroscopy. ZnO got the attention of researchers because of its potential applications in laser due to large exciton binding energy (60 mev) and wide band gap about 3.3 ev [4]. ZnO is being studied because of its promising application for spintronics and optoelectronics. ZnO is a semiconductor in nature and has very favorable structure carrier-induced ferromagnetism. After the theoretical study of Dietl et al in which they observed room temperature ferromagnetism in Mn-doped ZnO [5], the researchers started a comprehensive study of Mn and other transition metaldoped ZnO. The electronic structure of doped metal is
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