Abstract
In this study, the effects of dissolved-gas concentration in liquid water on the nucleation and growth of bubbles and nanobubble (NB) generation were investigated by measuring the concentration and size distribution of NBs. Three types of liquids with different dissolved-gas concentrations—undersaturated, saturated, and supersaturated deionized (DI) water—were prepared, and NBs were generated via ultrasonic irradiation. As the dissolved-gas concentration increased, a large number of bubbles with relatively large diameters (several tens of micrometers or more) were generated, but the NB concentration decreased. The surface tension decreased with an increase in the dissolved gas concentration, and thus, the tensile strength which required for bubble growth became lower. Therefore, there were barely any NBs in supersaturated conditions because of the accelerated nucleation and bubble growth.
Highlights
In this study, the effects of dissolved-gas concentration in liquid water on the nucleation and growth of bubbles and nanobubble (NB) generation were investigated by measuring the concentration and size distribution of NBs
NBs are gaseous bubbles that are typically tens to hundreds of nanometers in size. These tiny NBs remain in the solution for a long time owing to their extremely low floating rates, and NB solutions have a variety of physicochemical properties[2]
Further investigations into the surface tension of DI water with different dissolved-gas concentrations and bubble growth during ultrasonic irradiation indicate that the surface tension of DI water decreased as the dissolved-gas concentration increased
Summary
The effects of dissolved-gas concentration in liquid water on the nucleation and growth of bubbles and nanobubble (NB) generation were investigated by measuring the concentration and size distribution of NBs. The surface tension decreased with an increase in the dissolved gas concentration, and the tensile strength which required for bubble growth became lower. Nanobubbles (NBs) have attracted considerable attention because of their potentials[1] They exist in two forms within a liquid: surface nanobubbles (SNBs), which are typically trapped on non-flat surfaces, and bulk nanobubbles (BNBs), which are dispersed and suspended in solutions. Yasuda et al.[17] reported the effects of ultrasonic frequency and power on the generation of NBs. In their study, the BNBs were generated by ultrasonication to ultrapure water, and the concentration of NBs increased under the low-frequency and high-power conditions of ultrasound. No experimental report on the effect of dissolved-gas concentration on NB generation using ultrasonication is available
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