Abstract
Disordered solids often change their elastic response as they slowly age. Using experiments and simulations, we study how aging disordered planar networks under an applied stress affects their nonlinear elastic response. We are able to modify dramatically the elastic properties of our systems in the nonlinear regime. Using simulations, we study two models for the microscopic evolution of properties of such a material; the first considers changes in the material strength, while the second considers distortions in the microscopic geometry. Both models capture different aspects of the experiments including the encoding of memories of the aging history of the system and the dramatic effects on the material's nonlinear elastic properties. Our results demonstrate how aging can be used to create complex elastic behavior in the nonlinear regime.Received 15 August 2020Accepted 22 October 2020DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043231Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasAgingElasticityMemoryPoisson ratioPhysical SystemsAmorphous materialsNetworksPolymers & Soft MatterCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics
Highlights
The inevitable fate of a glass left on its own is to age and progressively lower its free energy in a rugged energy landscape [1,2,3,4]
We focus on the nonlinear elastic response of a system as it ages
We find that directed aging can produce desired complex nonmonotonic behaviors in the nonlinear elastic response of disordered networks
Summary
The inevitable fate of a glass left on its own is to age and progressively lower its free energy in a rugged energy landscape [1,2,3,4] As it ages, particles rearrange or bonds break and form. Because preparation into the initial metastable state can produce desired properties that are inaccessible in thermal equilibrium, aging is often considered to be detrimental since it allows the system to evolve away from this state. It was recently proposed, that stress-induced aging can be exploited to manipulate an out-of-equilibrium solid to achieve various desired elastic responses [5]. Each bond evolves (i.e., ages) at a different rate; in many cases, the bonds under the highest stress evolve the fastest
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