Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the stress distributions of different restoration options for class II mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities. A class II MOD cavity with proximal box gingival floor 1 mm below cementoenamel junction was designed in a mandibular first molar tooth model. 3D finite-element analysis (FEA) and 3D-CAD modelling were used to examine the occlusal stresses distributed to the remaining buccal enamel (RBE), remaining lingual enamel (RLE), adhesive surfaces, and restorative materials by direct and indirect materials resulting from a 600 N of static occlusal load stimulating foodstuff. von Mises (VM) and maximum principal (Pmax) stresses were evaluated for two CAD/CAM materials and three direct materials. CAD/CAM materials exerted less stress than the direct restorative materials. Significant von Mises and Pmax stress value differences were seen among all restoration models on RBE. Reducing RLE and including it into the cavity would be a more effective option for this model in this scenario. As VM and Pmax stresses of PIHC CAD/CAM material for RBE and dentin were significantly lower than other tested materials, it may be the choice of material for indirect MOD restorations.
Highlights
Functional and parafunctional forces in the mouth can cause stress on the sound teeth, on supporting bone, on soft tissues, and on adhesively restored teeth after dental therapy [1]
Intermediate von Mises (54.86 MPa) and Pmax (12.81 MPa) stress values were observed on the sound tooth model on Material/tissue Enamel Dentin Amalgam Composite Resin modified glass ionomer cement Glass carbomer cement Nanoceramic resin cement (GCC) and computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) material Polymer-infiltrated hybrid ceramic CAD/CAM material Dual-cure resin cement Cortical bone Trabecular bone Periodontal ligament Pulp Adhesive Food bolus
The Pmax values of all restoration models and the von Mises values of Model 3 (M3), Model 4 (M4), and Model 5 (M5) were greater in the remaining lingual enamel (RLE) than in remaining buccal enamel (RBE)
Summary
Functional and parafunctional forces in the mouth can cause stress on the sound teeth, on supporting bone, on soft tissues, and on adhesively restored teeth after dental therapy [1]. Determining the distribution and analysis of these stresses are of fundamental importance in the extensive research, and they can consistently contribute to reduce the risk of dental restoration failure [2]. Several novel therapeutic approaches and materials have been developed to maximize the protection of healthy enamel and dentine tissues after cavity preparation and restoration of decayed teeth [3]. Type/shape and size of the cavity, materials, patient, and dentist are some of these factors [3]. Class II mesio-occlusal-distal cavities significantly weaken the teeth, and the restorations applied to these cavities should resist the chewing forces [4, 5]. The best restorative material and restoration type for a good treatment is still being investigated
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