Abstract

Abstract In a bi-ionic system in which a liquid membrane is interposed between aqueous solutions containing different counterions, the solution composition is often not maintained uniform right up to the membrane–solution interface owing to the presence of diffusion layers adjacent to the interface. Taking the effect of the diffusion layers into account, an expression is derived for the bi-ionic potential across a membrane having completely dissociated ion-exchange sites and counterions. The expression contains as an empirical parameter the ratio between the thicknesses of the diffusion layers at the solution and membrane sides of the interface. The expression is found to agree with experimental data, with the parameter given a single value.

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