Abstract
Soil amendments from peats, brown coals and composts produced from segregated biodegradable waste or biomass from fallow land can increase soil fertility and improve soil productivity. The aim of the study was to determine the possibility of using willow (Salix viminalis L.) biomass composts as a substrate component in horticulture. The objects of the research were composts produced from willow chips (A), willow mixed with hay (B) and willow mixed with hay and mineral nitrogen (Nmin) fertilizer (C). Composting was carried out in a pile under aerobic conditions. In order to determine the properties and fertilizing value of the composts, basic chemical parameters were analyzed (pH; total contents of C, N and P), and a pot experiment was established to analyze germination and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Changes in pH, total nitrogen content (TN), phosphorus (TP) and a decrease in TOC were observed in the investigated samples. The results of the experiment showed that the highest yield was obtained from the pots with the mixture of willow, hay and Nmin. Matured composts significantly stimulated the germination and growth of the test plants. It can be concluded that the addition of hay and Nmin significantly increased the fertilizing value of the investigated composts.
Highlights
In order to reduce the negative effects of environmental changes, to improve soil quality and to increase soil organic matter (SOM) content, relevant guidelines, programmes and projects recommended by international organizations (FAO-WRB, IUSS, EGU-SSS, ISEB, etc.) have been developed [3,4]
The objects of research were composts produced according to three variants: comThe objects of research were composts produced according to three variants: composts posts produced from willow chips; willow mixed with hay; and willow mixed with hay produced from willow chips; willow mixed with hay; and willow mixed with hay and and mineral nitrogen fertilizer
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Willow chips can be a substrate for the production of alternative fertilizer substances; they require appropriate organic and mineral additives and optimized composting conditions
Summary
A significant decrease in humus resources in terrestrial environments (especially cultivated areas), due to increased mineralization of organic matter, has been observed [1]. The consequences of these adverse changes are a rapid reduction in soil fertility and productivity and a catastrophic impact on crop production and the conservation values of terrestrial ecosystems [2]. This situation has given rise to concern among scientists. The use of alternative sources of EOM is highly recommended: selected ‘green waste,’ biodegradable municipal waste or biomass from the cultivation of various plant species, with a particular focus on the concept of using biomass from the cultivation of energy willow as a substrate for compost production [5]
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