Effect of Differently Fed Farmed Gilthead Sea Bream Consumption on Platelet Aggregation and Circulating Haemostatic Markers among Apparently Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Trial.

Agathi Ntzouvani,Meropi D Kontogianni,Anastasia Mikellidi,Μarianna Xanthopoulou,Nick Kalogeropoulos,Demosthenes Panagiotakos,Tzortzis Nomikos,Elizabeth Fragopoulou,Smaragdi Antonopoulou

doi:10.3390/nu13020286

Agathi Ntzouvani, Meropi D Kontogianni + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020286

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Journal: Nutrients	Publication Date: Jan 20, 2021
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Harokopio University of Athens

Abstract

Fish consumption beneficially affects coagulation markers. Few dietary intervention studies have investigated differently fed farmed fish against these cardio-metabolic risk factors in humans. This double-blind randomized crossover trial evaluated differently fed farmed gilthead sea bream consumption against platelet aggregation and circulating haemostatic markers among apparently healthy adults. Subjects aged 30–65 years, with a body mass index 24.0–31.0 kg/m2, consuming less than 150 g cooked fish per week, were recruited in Attica, Greece. Participants were randomized (n = 38, 1:1) to one of two sequences; consumption of fish fed with fish oil diet (conventional fish, CF)/fish fed with olive pomace-enriched diet (enriched fish, EF) versus EF/CF. The primary outcomes were ex vivo human platelet aggregation and circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and P-selectin (sP-selectin) concentrations. EF consumption had no significant effect on platelet sensitivity or haemostatic markers compared to CF. Platelet sensitivity to platelet-activating factor (PAF) decreased after CF consumption during the second period (p < 0.01). Plasma PAI-1 and sP-selectin concentrations increased after CF consumption during both periods (p < 0.01 for both). Based on current findings, consumption of enriched farmed gilthead sea bream had no greater effect on coagulation markers in adults compared to the conventionally fed fish.

Highlights

Fish is an integral part of a diet aiming to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Fatty fish consumption providing a minimum of 2 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day has been associated with beneficial effects on CVD risk factors, i.e., decreased circulating triglyceride levels, increased high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels, and significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [2]
Based on the findings of the in vitro experiments on the inhibition of the platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced aggregation [21], we hypothesized that the consumption of fillets from fish fed with a diet where fish oil in the grow-out feed of gilthead sea bream was partly replaced with olive pomace (OP diet) would have a Nutrients 2021, 13, 286 greater impact on platelet aggregation and circulating haemostatic markers compared to consumption of fillets from fish fed the typical FO diet

Summary

Introduction

Fish is an integral part of a diet aiming to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease (CVD). Fatty fish consumption providing a minimum of 2 g EPA plus DHA per day has been associated with beneficial effects on CVD risk factors, i.e., decreased circulating triglyceride levels, increased high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels, and significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [2]. In a recently published review [2], data from intervention studies showed that platelet aggregation was reduced after consumption of approximately 2 fish meals per week providing an EPA plus DHA amount as low as 0.40 g per day. Findings from a small number of studies on fibrinolysis suggested that fatty fish consumption providing an EPA plus DHA intake as low as 0.6 g or as high as 3.4 g per day could reduce PAI-1 levels or activity

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