Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of different softeners on dimensional stability and color fastness properties of stretch denim fabric. Stretch denim fabric was washed using enzyme concentration of 4.0 g/l for 30 minutes in 40°C temperature at pH 5.5 and then different softeners were applied in conjunction with standard recipes. Different color fastness properties, dimensional stability were analyzed in combination with enzyme wash and stone enzyme wash along with cationic, anionic, nonionic, micro silicone, macro silicone and nano silicone softeners. Stone enzyme wash treated with different softeners on stretch denim fabric demonstrated better performance in case of different color fastness properties rather than enzyme wash. No significant change was observed for application of different kinds of softeners on enzyme wash and stone enzyme treated stretch denim fabric regarding the grade of color change and color staining for color fastness to light and color fastness to water. Silicone-based softeners illustrated better performance for color fastness to washing than other softeners for both enzyme wash and stone enzyme wash. Cationic softener proven excellent durability and suitability towards multiple washes rather than other softeners. The GSM of stretch denim fabric also increased accordingly after applying different softeners rather than untreated stretch denim fabric. From scanning electron microscope images, stretch denim fabric sample treated with enzyme and cationic, micro silicone softeners implied less ruptures and less cracks rather than stone enzyme treated with cationic, micro silicone softeners.
Highlights
IntroductionStiff, hard-wearing woven fabric. Denim is one of the oldest fabrics in the world most commonly associated with jeans [1]
Denim is strong, stiff, hard-wearing woven fabric
Different softeners like cationic, anionic, nonionic, silicone-based softeners were applied on stretch denim fabrics for enzyme and stone enzyme washed condition to investigate the dimensional stability and different color fastness properties
Summary
Stiff, hard-wearing woven fabric. Denim is one of the oldest fabrics in the world most commonly associated with jeans [1]. In the modern textile industry, enzymes are applied mainly to get a cleaner fabric surface [3] They played an imperative role to provide an aesthetic finish and enhanced the appeal in addition to reduce fuzz and pills, increase smoothness, softness, luster and brightness, improve fabric handle and drape ability and increase the vintage effects which meet the requirement of modern denim fashion trend [4,5,6]. Washing is such kind of technology which is used to modify the appearance, size, outlook, comfortability and fashion of the garments [7, 8]. Various research works encompassed about the evaluation of the characteristics of acid wash, nano mineral washing and finishing with different chemicals for denim fabric along with comparing the luxury features among the different types of finishing chemicals used to treat
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