Effect of Different Silicone Sources and Concentrations on in vitro Micro Propagation of 140 Ru Grape Rootstock

Abstract

Silicon, which is widely used in different fields, has been used in plant production in vivo and in vitro studies in recent years. Especially in in vitro studies, it is seen that its effect on plant growth and development has been examined. In this study, the effect of three different silicon sources and their four concentrations on micro-propagation of 140 Ru grape rootstocks was investigated. In the study, as explants one-node micro cuttings of rootstock and MS (Murashige and Skoog) as the nutrient medium were used. 1 mg L-1 BA (Benzyl Adenine) at the stage of obtaining shoots from cuttings and in the rooting stage, 1 mg L-1 IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) were added to the nutrient medium. At both stages, 0 (Control), 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 doses of potassium, sodium and calcium silicate were added to the nutrient medium. Explant viability and mortality rate, shooting rate, plant length, node number, shoot fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD), root number, root length, root fresh and dry weight were examined to determine the effect of the applications. The variance analysis of the study was carried out according to the Two-Way Completely Randomized Experimental Design. According to the results, among the silicon sources, the highest shooting rate (84.40%) was found in the medium containing sodium silicate. The highest shoot fresh and dry weight (0.178 g and 0.026 g, respectively) and root fresh and dry weight values (0.213 g and 0.023 g, respectively) were obtained from potassium silicate. While the number of roots was 2.98 in the medium containing potassium, it was determined as 2.91 in the medium containing calcium silicate. Media containing 1 mg L-1 silicate was found to be more successful than 0, 05, 2 mg L-1 concentrations. The highest values recorded at the concentration were 4.49 cm in plant length, 7.44 in node number, 0.183 g and 0.028 g in shoot fresh and dry weight, respectively, 28.37 in SPAD value and 3.27 in root number. As a result of the study, it is concluded that adding 1 mg L-1 concentration of potassium, calcium and sodium silicate to the nutrient medium can be used in future studies related with in micro propagation.